Ghaziabad’s winter air is turning toxic, with AQI soaring and residents facing a public health crisis that could worsen in the coming days.
Ghaziabad is witnessing a sharp deterioration in air quality as winter approaches, intensifying concerns over public health and environmental governance. According to the latest data, the city recorded a 24-hour average Air Quality Index (AQI) of 294, placing it in the “Poor” category. This level of pollution poses clear health risks for the general population and signals the onset of a challenging winter season for residents.
Data released by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) shows that air quality in Ghaziabad has steadily worsened over the past week. The AQI has shifted from “Moderate” to “Poor,” reflecting a consistent buildup of pollutants in the atmosphere. Meteorological conditions typical of early winter are expected to further aggravate the situation. Low wind speeds and cooler temperatures reduce the dispersion of pollutants, causing them to remain concentrated near the ground. Environmental experts warn that if these conditions persist, Ghaziabad could soon enter the “Very Poor” or “Severe” AQI categories, which are associated with serious health impacts even after short-term exposure.
Multiple sources contribute to the rising pollution levels. Industrial emissions remain a major factor, as Ghaziabad hosts a significant number of manufacturing units that release particulate matter and gaseous pollutants. Vehicular emissions are another major contributor. The city’s location along key transport corridors results in heavy traffic flow, leading to continuous exhaust emissions. Together, these sources significantly increase levels of PM2.5 and PM10, fine particulate matter that can penetrate deep into the lungs and enter the bloodstream.
Seasonal trans-boundary pollution further compounds the problem. The annual practice of stubble burning in neighbouring states releases large volumes of smoke into the atmosphere. Prevailing wind patterns carry this pollution toward the National Capital Region, including Ghaziabad, adding to already elevated pollution levels. This seasonal phenomenon has become a recurring factor in winter air quality deterioration across northern India.
Construction activity and road dust also play a significant role. Despite existing regulations, construction and infrastructure projects continue across the city with limited enforcement of dust control measures. Poorly maintained roads and ongoing repair work release large quantities of coarse particulate matter into the air. These particles remain suspended for extended periods, especially in low-wind conditions, further degrading air quality.
The upcoming festive season is expected to place additional pressure on air quality. The use of firecrackers during celebrations typically leads to a sudden spike in pollution levels. Past data shows that even brief periods of firecracker emissions can push AQI levels into the “Severe” category, worsening conditions during an already critical time.
The health impact of deteriorating air quality is becoming increasingly visible. Hospitals in Ghaziabad have reported a rise in patients with respiratory complaints, including asthma exacerbations, bronchitis, and breathing difficulties. Prolonged exposure to polluted air is also linked to cardiovascular diseases and an increased risk of chronic respiratory conditions. Children, elderly individuals, and people with pre-existing health conditions remain the most vulnerable.
Medical experts caution that limiting outdoor exposure provides only partial protection when pollution levels remain persistently high. Doctors emphasize that masks and indoor air purifiers cannot fully mitigate the effects of prolonged exposure to polluted air. They stress the importance of reducing emissions at the source through sustained and coordinated policy measures.
Authorities have announced measures such as advisories against firecracker use, traffic management initiatives, and periodic enforcement drives. However, environmental analysts argue that these steps are largely reactive and insufficient. Addressing Ghaziabad’s air pollution crisis requires long-term planning, strict enforcement of industrial emission norms, effective dust management at construction sites, and coordinated regional action to control stubble burning. Without sustained intervention, the city is likely to continue facing severe air quality challenges every winter.
